EVIDENCE | Forced labor, child labor, and/or human trafficking in seafood
Source | Details |
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U.S. Department of Labor 2024 List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor |
Not profiled in report |
U.S. Department of Labor 2023 Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor |
Not profiled in report |
U.S. Department of State 2024 Trafficking in Persons Report |
Traffickers, including hotel and bar staff and family members, recruit and transport Marshallese and East Asian women and girls and exploit them in sex trafficking in Marshall Islands with foreign construction workers and crewmembers of foreign fishing and transshipping vessels that dock in Majuro; some of these women and girls have also been confined and subjected to forced childbearing as part of international fraudulent adoption schemes. Observers report commercial sexual activity involving foreign fishermen has increasingly moved from fishing vessels to local bars, hotels, and suspected commercial sex establishments. Traffickers also exploit some foreign fishermen in conditions indicative of forced labor on ships in Marshallese waters. Traffickers compel foreign women, most of whom are long-term residents of Marshall Islands, into commercial sex in establishments frequented by crewmembers of PRC-affiliated and other foreign fishing vessels |
Monterey Bay Aquarium Seafood Watch Seafood Social Risk Tool Profile |
No country risk profile available |
Additional civil society organization reports documenting human rights abuses: |
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N/A |
Risk Factor | Status | Details |
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Flag of Convenience (International Transport Workers Federation) | Yes | Flags of Convenience are connected to the occurrence of human trafficking and forced labor in fishing. Vessels registered to Flag of Convenience states may lack a legitimate connection to the flag state and may be subject to less rigorous management and oversight by the flag state. |
Active yellow or red card for failing to tackle illegal fishing (European Union) | No | The European Union gives countries yellow and red cards for failing in their requirements under international law to take action against illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing. There is evidence linking IUU fishing to an increased risk of human trafficking and forced labor on board fishing vessels. |
Failure to ratify key treaties and international labor conventions |
Ratifying key treaties and international labor conventions indicates a country’s commitment to uphold international standards.
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